9-Amino-dibenzopyrans

ABSTRACT

1-Hydroxy-3-substituted-tetrahydro and hexahydrodibenzo[b,d]pyrans having an amino group or amino derivative at the 9-position are useful as analgesics, anti-depressants, anti-anxiety agents, hypotensive agents, and intermediates. Pharmaceutical formulations containing such 9-amino derivatives are provided, as well as a method of treating hypertension.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A number of dibenzopyran compounds recently have been found to be usefulin the treatment of depression, pain and anxiety. U.S. Pat. Nos.3,928,598, 3,944,673 and 3,953,603 describe varioushexahydro-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-ones which have such utilities. Particularattention is drawn todl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-6,6a,7,8,10,10a-hexahydro-9H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-one,now generically referred to as nabilone.

Several modifications of known dibenzopyran compounds have been made inan effort to discover new compounds having enhanced pharmacologicalusefulness or new utilities altogether. Only a few of such modificationshave included the incorporation of nitrogen in the dibenzo-pyranmolecule. U.S. Pat. No. 3,886,184 describes certain1-amino-3-alkyl-9-alkyl-dibenzo[b,d]pyrans. U.S. Pat. No. 3,676,462discloses a number of 1-aminoalkyl and 3-aminoalkyl dibenzo[b,d]pyrans.Similarly, nitrogen has been incorporated into the C-ring of certaindibenzo[b,d]pyran-type compounds. U.S. Pat. No. 3,878,219 disclosesdibenzo[b,d]pyrans having a nitrogen atom in the C-ring at the9-position. U.S. Pat. No. 3,888,946 discloses similar nitrogencontaining heterocycles wherein the C-ring is five membered rather thansix.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to dibenzo[b,d]pyrans having anitrogen atom attached directly to the 9-position carbon atom. Theinvention resides in the concept of a class of compounds knowngenerically as 9-amino-dibenzo[b,d]pyrans. The invention is moreparticularly directed to tetrahydro and hexahydro dibenzo[b,d]pyranshaving the general formula ##STR1## wherein:

R¹ is hydrogen or C₁ -C₄ alkanoyl;

R² is C₅ -C₁₀ alkyl or C₅ -C₁₀ alkenyl;

R³ is hydrogen or methyl; and

Z is selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## wherein:

R⁴ is hydroxy, C₁ -C₄ alkoxy, or C₁ -C₇ alkanoyloxy;

R⁵ taken singly is hydrogen, hydroxy, C₁ -C₄ alkoxy, C₁ -C₄ alkyl, CH₂C₂ -C₄ alkenyl, CH₂ C₂ -C₄ alkynyl, C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl, C₁ -C₇ alkanoyloxy,phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkyl, phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl, --(CH₂)_(n) --OH,--(CH₂)_(n) --O--C₁ --C₂ alkanoyl, ##STR3## wherein n is 2, 3 or 4;

R⁶ taken singly is hydrogen, C₁ -C₄ alkyl, CH₂ C₂ -C₄ alkenyl, CH₂ C₂-C₄ alkynyl, C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl, phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkyl or phenyl-C₁ -C₂alkanoyl,

R₅ and R₆ taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they areattached complete a heterocyclic ring selected from pyrrolidine,2-oxopyrrolidine, 2,5-dioxopyrrolidine, piperidine, 2-oxopiperidine,2,6-dioxopiperidine and morpholine;

R⁷ taken singly is hydrogen, C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl, phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl or##STR4## wherein n is 2, 3 or 4;

R⁸ taken singly is C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl or phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl; and

R⁷ and R⁸ taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they areattached complete a heterocyclic ring selected from 2-oxopyrrolidine,2,5-dioxopyrrolidine, 2-oxopiperidine and 2,6-dioxopiperidine,

and the non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts andquaternary ammonium salts thereof.

A preferred group of compounds according to this invention are thosehaving the above formula wherein:

R¹ is hydrogen;

R³ is methyl; and

Z is a group of the formula ##STR5## wherein R⁴ has the above definedmeaning, and is preferably hydroxy or C₁ -C₄ alkoxy, especially methoxy.

A further preferred group of compounds are represented by the aboveformula wherein:

R¹ is hydrogen or C₁ -C₄ alkanoyl;

R³ is methyl; and

Z is a group of the formula ##STR6## wherein R⁵ and R⁶ have theabove-defined meanings, but are most preferably hydrogen, alkyl,alkenyl, or C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl.

Another preferred group of compounds comprehended by this invention havethe above formula wherein:

R¹ is hydrogen and Z is a group of the formula ##STR7## wherein R⁵ ishydrogen and R⁶ is C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl, especially C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl.

Still another preferred group of compounds are those having the aboveformula wherein Z is selected from ##STR8## in which R⁷ preferably ishydrogen or C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl.

A group of compounds especially suited as intermediates in thepreparation of other compounds of the invention are those defined by theabove general formula wherein Z is ##STR9## and R⁵ and R⁶ both arehydrogen.

A further aspect of this invention is a pharmaceutical formulationcomprising one or more of the biologically active compounds of the abovegeneral formula in combination with a suitable pharmaceutical carrier,diluent, or excipient therefor. The formulations provided by thisinvention are particularly useful in treating mammals suffering fromhypertension. The formulations also can be utilized in the treatment ofanxiety, depression and related central nervous system disorders. Theformulation can also be used in the treatment of glaucoma.

An additional embodiment of this invention is a method of treatinghypertension comprising administering to an animal suffering fromhypertension and in need of treatment an amount sufficient to lowerblood pressure of a hypotensively active compound of the above formula.A preferred method of treatment according to this invention comprisesadministering a dose effective for lowering blood pressure of a compoundhaving the above formula wherein R⁶ and R⁷ are C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl,especially C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In the above formula representing the 9-amino-dibenzo[b,d]pyransprovided by this invention, R¹ is defined as hydrogen and C₁ -C₄alkanoyl. The term "C₁ -C₄ alkanoyl" as used herein refers to an acylresidue of a carboxylic acid having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Examplesof such C₁ -C₄ alkanoyl groups include formyl, acetyl, propionyl,n-butyryl, and isobutyryl.

R² is defined as a C₅ -C₁₀ alkyl group and a C₅ -C₁₀ alkenyl group. Suchterms take on the meaning assigned to them throughout the chemical artrelating to dibenzopyrans. Examples of "C₅ -C₁₀ alkyl" groups includeboth straight and branched chain alkyl groups such as n-pentyl, n-hexyl,n-heptyl, 1,1-dimethylheptyl, 1,2-dimethylheptyl, 1-ethyloctyl,1,1-dimethyloctyl, 1,2,3-trimethylheptyl, 1-propylhexyl, isooctyl,n-decyl, and the like. The term "C₅ -C₁₀ alkenyl" similarly refers tostraight and branched alkenyl chains known in the art, examples of whichinclude 2-pentenyl, 3-hexenyl, 5-heptenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-heptenyl,1,2-dimethyl-1-heptenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-2-heptenyl, 1-ethyl-2-octenyl,2-ethyl-1-heptenyl, 2-decenyl, 1-nonenyl, 1-methyl-1-nonenyl, andrelated alkenyl groups.

As noted in the above generic formula representing the compounds of thisinvention, Z can be an imino containing moiety representing by theformula ##STR10## in which R⁴ is hydroxy, C₁ -C₄ alkoxy, or C₁ -C₇alkanoyloxy. It will of course be recognized that compounds of theinvention having such definition for Z are oximes, O-alkyl oximes andO-acyl oximes. Typical C₁ -C₄ alkoxy groups which go to make up suchO-alkyl oximes include methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy and isobutoxy.Examples of C₁ -C₇ alkanoyloxy groups include formyloxy, acetoxy,propionoxy and isobutyroxy.

The term Z similarly is defined as a group having the formula ##STR11##In such groups, R⁵ includes C₁ -C₄ alkoxy groups such as methoxy, ethoxyand n-butoxy. Both R⁵ and R⁶ as defined include C₁ -C₄ alkyl groups suchas methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl and n-butyl. Examples of CH₂ C₂-C₄ alkenyl groups include 2-pentenyl, 2-propenyl and 3-butenyl.Similarly, CH₂ C₂ -C₄ alkynyl refers to groups such as 2-propynyl,2-butynyl and 1-methyl-2-propynyl. The groups R⁵ and R⁶ additionally aredefined as "C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl". Such definition refers to acyl residues ofcarboxylic acids having from 1 to 7 carbon atoms. Such groups can bestraight or branched chain acyl groups. Typical C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl groupsinclude formyl, acetyl, propionyl, isobutyryl, pentanoyl, isohexanoyl,3-ethylpentanoyl, 2-methylhexanoyl, 1,2-dimethylpentanoyl, and relatedgroups. Preferred alkanoyl groups are C₁ -C₄ alkanoyl, and mostpreferred are C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl. R⁵ and R⁶ also include phenyl-C₁ -C₂alkyl groups such as benzyl and 2-phenethyl, as well as phenyl-C₁ -C₂alkanoyl such as benzoyl and phenylacetyl. R⁵ can additionally be agroup having the formula --(CH₂)_(n) --OH, wherein n is 2, 3 or 4. Suchgroups include 2-hydroxyethyl, 3-hydroxypropyl and 4-hydroxybutyl. Thehydroxy group of such moieties can be acylated with a C₁ -C₂ alkanoylgroup thereby providing substituents such as acetoxymethyl and the like.When R⁵ defines the group --CO(CH₂)_(n) COOH, such groups include3-(hydroxycarbonyl)propionyl, 4-(hydroxycarbonyl)butyryl, and5-(hydroxycarbonyl)pentanoyl.

Many of the compounds provided by this invention are amines which are ofsuch basic nature that they readily form acid addition salts andquaternary ammonium salts. For example, a 9-amino, 9-alkylamino or9-dialkylamino-dibenzo[b,d]pyran of this invention can exist as a freebase or alternatively as a salt. Non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptablesalts contemplated by this invention are salts which do not addsubstantial toxicity to the parent amine and consequently can beutilized pharmaceutically in a manner similar to the free amine bases.The acid addition salts of this invention are formed by standardprocedures such as reacting the basic amine with an organic or inorganicacid. Acids commonly used to form non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptableacid addition salts include mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid,hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, as well as acids suchas sulfamic acid, nitric acid and nitrous acid. Typically useful organicacids include acetic acid, oxalic acid, lactic acid, ascorbic acid,maleic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, p-toluene-sulfonic acid,benzoic acid, methanesulfonic acid, adipic acid, and the like.

In similar fashion the basic amines of this invention which are tertiaryamines readily form quaternary ammonium salts which also arepharmaceutically acceptable. Such tertiary amines are quaternized byreaction with an alkylating agent such as methyl iodide, ethyl bromide,n-butyl chloride, isopropyl iodide, allyl bromide, dimethylsulfate andthe like. It will of course be recognized that salts of compounds suchas amides and oximes normally are not formed since the nitrogen atom isnot sufficiently basic in nature, and quaternary ammonium salts areformed only when both R⁵ and R⁶ of the above formula are groups such asalkyl, alkenyl, phenylalkyl, and the like.

The 9-amino-dibenzo[b,d]pyrans provided by this invention can beprepared by any of a number of methods. Routinely, there is firstprepared an oxime derivative which is then reduced to afford anN-unsubstituted 9-amino-dibenzopyran compound, which then can be furtherderivatized as desired by normal procedures such as alkylation andacylation. The starting materials utilized in the synthesis of theoximes are hydroxyl amine and alkoxy amines such as methoxy amine, and a9-keto dibenzo[b,d]pyran derivative. These dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-onestarting materials are represented by the general formula ##STR12##wherein R¹, R² and R³ are as defined hereinabove. The dibenzopyran-9-onecompounds which are preferably utilized in the preparation of the oximesof this invention are those of the above formula wherein R¹ is hydrogen.Such compounds are included in the following list of representativestarting materials:

1-hydroxy-3-n-pentyl-6,6-dimethyl-6,6a,7,8,10,10a-hexahydro-9H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-one;

1-hydroxy-3-n-octyl-6,6-dimethyl-6,6a,7,8,10,10a-hexahydro-9H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-one;

1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)-6,6a,7,8,10a,10a-hexahydro-9H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-one;

1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethyl-1-heptenyl)-6,6-dimethyl-6,6a,7,8,10,10a-hexahydro-9H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-one;

1-hydroxy-3-(1-ethylhexyl)-6,6-dimethyl-6,6a-7,8,10,10a-hexahydro-9H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-one;

1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6a,7,8,10,10a-hexahydro-9H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-one;

1-hydroxy-3-(1,2,3-trimethyl-2-pentenyl)-6,6-dimethyl-6,6a,7,8,10,10a-hexahydro-9H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-one;and related compounds.

It should be recognized that since the above-described starting ketonesare dibenzo[b,d]pyrans which are totally saturated in the C-ring,stereochemical isomers at the 6a and 10a carbon atoms exist. Morespecifically, the starting ketones, and consequently the9-amino-dibenzo[b,d]pyrans of this invention, can exist as6a,10a-cis-isomers and as 6a,10a-trans isomers. Each of these isomersconstitute a racemic or dl pair. For example, a 6a,10a-cis derivativecan have both the 6a-hydrogen atom and the 10a-hydrogen atom orientedabove the plane of the ring, or alternatively both hydrogen atoms can beoriented below the plane of the ring. These two isomers form a cis-dlracemic mixture. Similarly, a 6a,10a-trans isomer can be a compoundwherein the 6a-hydrogen atom is above the plane of the ring while the10a-hydrogen atom is oriented below, or alternatively the 6a-hydrogenatom can be oriented below the plane of the ring and the 10a-hydrogenatom oriented above. Again, these two isomers constitute a trans-dlpair. Normally, the preparation of the compounds of this inventioncomprehends utilizing a racemic mixture of either a6a,10a-cis-hexahydrodibenzo[b,d]pyranone, i.e., a dl-cis isomer, oralternatively a racemic mixture of a 6a,10a-trans-isomer, i.e., adl-trans-hexahydrodibenzo[b,d]pyranone. It should be noted, however,that the compounds of this invention can also be derived from ouroptically active d or l-cis ketone or d or l-trans ketone, therebygiving the corresponding 9-amino-dibenzo[b,d]pyran having the samestereochemical integrity as the starting ketone. Since all of theindividual stereochemical isomers at the 6a and 10a positions appear topossess useful pharmacological activity, it is often preferable tosimply utilize as a starting material a mixture of dl-cis and dl-transhexahydrodibenzo[ b,d]pyran-9-ones. It is especially convenient toutilize such racemic mixtures since these are readily availablesynthetically. Examples of such preferred starting materials include:

dl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-6,6a,7,8,10,10a-hexahydro-9H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-one;

dl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(n-octyl)-6,6-dimethyl-6,6a,7,8,10,10a-hexahydro-9H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-one;

dl-cis-1-hydroxy-3-(n-decyl)-6,6a,7,8,10,10a-hexahydro-9H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-one;and

dl-cis-1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethylhexyl)-6,6-dimethyl-6,6a,7,8,10,10a-hexahydro-9H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-one.

The various dibenzopyranone starting materials required to prepare thecompounds of this invention are either known in the art or are readilypreparable by methods taught in the art. For example, a large number ofdl-cis and dl-trans-hexahydrodibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-ones are disclosed inU.S. Pat. Nos. 3,928,598, 3,944,673 and 3,953,603. The preparation ofdl-cis and dl-trans-hexahydrodibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-ones is additionallydescribed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,507,885 and 3,636,058. The synthesis ofthe various starting materials utilized in the preparation of thecompounds of this invention is further described in detail by Archer etal., in a paper entitled "Cannabinoids 3. Synthetic Approaches to9-Ketocannabinoids. Total Synthesis of Nabilone", J. Org. Chem., 42, No.13, pp. 2277-2284, (1977).

As hereinbefore pointed out, the oximes and alkoxy oximes of thisinvention (ie. where R⁴ is hydroxy or C₁ -C₄ alkoxy) can be prepared byreacting a hexahydro-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-one with hydroxyl amine or analkoxy amine such as methoxy amine and ethoxy amine. Such aminesgenerally are commercially available in the form of an acid additionsalt, and can be utilized by adding a base to the reaction mixture toliberate the free amine in situ or by neutralizing the salt prior toemploying the free amine in the reaction. In preparing the oximes andO-alkyl oximes of this invention, a dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-one and thehydroxyl amine or alkoxy amine are typically reacted in approximatelyequimolar quantities, and the reaction is best conducted in a mutualsolvent such as methanol, ethanol, water, or a mixture of such solvents.The reaction generally is substantially complete after about 1/2 to 4hours when carried out at a temperature in the range from about 25° toabout 100° C. The product oxime or O-alkyl oxime is convenientlyisolated by simply diluting the reaction mixture with water or aqueousacid, and then extracting the oxime into a water immiscible solvent suchas diethyl ether, benzene, chloroform, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate,or the like. Evaporation of the solvent from the organic extractsnormally leaves the product oxime as an oil or solid, which generallycan then be crystallized if desired from solvents such as n-hexane andpetroleum ether. Examples of oxime derivatives thus prepared include:

1-hydroxy-3-n-pentyl-6,6-dimethyl-9-hydroxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethyl-2-pentenyl)-9-methoxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

dl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)-9-ethoxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;and

dl-cis-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethyloctyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-isobutoxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

The oxime derivatives so formed are useful as pharmacological agents inaddition to being valuable as intermediates. For example, reduction ofsuch compounds provides hydroxy amine derivatives and alkoxy aminederivatives. Additionally, the hydroxyimino compounds can be O-alkylatedwith C₁ -C₄ alkylating agents such as isobutyl bromide to afford thecorresponding 9-alkoxyimino-dibenzo[b,d]pyrans. Furthermore, normalacylation of the hydroxyimino compounds, for instance by reaction with aC₁ -C₇ carboxylic acid acylating agent, provides the corresponding9-alkanoyloxyimino-hexahydrodibenzopyran derivatives.

Reduction of the imino derivatives thus formed to afford 9-amino and9-substituted amino derivatives can be accomplished in any of a numberof ways. Commonly used reducing agents include diborane, sodiumborohydride, sodium cynaoborohydride and lithium aluminum hydride.Catalytic hydrogenation also can be utilized if desired. Such reductionstypically are carried out in an organic solvent such as an alcohol,especially methanol or ethanol, or aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzeneand toluene. Reduction of the oxime i.e., a 9-hydroxyimino derivative,to provide the corresponding 9-hydroxyamino compound normally iscomplete within about six to twenty hours when carried out at about 25°C. Of course it will be recognized that reduction of a 9-alkoxyiminoderivative affords the corresponding 9-alkoxyamino compound. Forinstance, reduction of a compound such as1-hydroxy-3-n-decyl-6,6-dimethyl-9-ethoxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranby reaction with sodium borohydride in ethanol affords the corresponding9-ethoxyamino-dibenzo[b,d]pyran. Such compounds are easily isolated bysimply removing the reaction solvent, for example by evaporation. Theproduct can be further purified if desired by routine methods such aschromatography and crystallization.

Like the hydroxyimino compounds previously mentioned, the hydroxyaminoderivatives are readily acylated by reaction with a C₁ -C₇ alkanoic acidacylating agent to provide the corresponding 9-(C₁ -C₇alkanoyloxy)aminodibenzopyrans of this invention.

9-Unsubstituted-amino-dibenzo[b,d]pyrans provided by this invention,i.e., hexahydrodibenzopyrans having an NH₂ group at the 9-position, canbe prepared by exhaustive reduction of the aforementioned 9-hydroxyiminoderivatives, or by further reduction of the 9-hydroxyamino compounds.For example, further reduction of a 9-hydroxyamino derivative can beeffected by reaction with zinc and acetic acid or sodium in liquidammonia, as well as by catalytic hydrogenation. The preferred procedure,however, is to simply reduce a 9-hydroxyimino derivative by any one ofseveral available methods. For example, reaction of a compound such as1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)-9-hydroxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranwith hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst such as Raney nickel effectscomplete reduction to afford the primary amine, for example,1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)-9-amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.Such hydrogenation reactions typically are carried out in a solvent suchas methanol and liquid ammonia, and normally are complete in about fourto eight hours when conducted at an elevated temperature of about 80° to120° C. The hydrogen atmosphere generally is maintained at about 500 to1500 psi. The product, a primary amine, can be recovered by simplyfiltering the reaction mixture and evaporating the solvent. Furtherpurification of the amine can be accomplished if desired by generalmethods such as crystallization, acid addition salt formation,chromatography, and the like.

The primary 9-amino-hexahydro-dibenzo[b,d]pyrans thus formed, whileeffecting the central nervous system in animals, are particularlyimportant intermediates leading to other compounds of the invention.Alkylation of the primary 9-amino group, for example, affords thecorresponding N-alkyl and N,N-dialkylamino-hexahydro-dibenzo[b,d]pyrans.Acylation provides the corresponding N-acyl andN,N-diacylamino-hexahydro-dibenzo[b,d]pyrans of the invention.

Alkylation of a 9-amino-hexahydro-dibenzopyran can be accomplished byreaction of the amino derivative with an alkylating agent according tostandard procedures. As used herein, the term "alkylating agent"includes, in addition to reagents having a C₁ -C₄ alkyl group, thosereagents having a CH₂ C₂ -C₄ alkenyl group, a CH₂ C₂ -C₄ alkynyl group,a phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkyl group, as well as --(CH₂)_(n) --OH alkylatingagents. Typical examples of such alkylating agents include alkyl halidessuch as methyl iodide, ethyl bromide, propyl bromide, isobutyl iodide,3-butenyl bromide, 2-propenyl bromide, 2-hydroxyethyl iodide; alkylsulfates, for example, dimethyl sulfate, diisopropyl sulfate, diallylsulfate, and di-3-butynyl sulfate. Other alkylating agents commonly usedinclude tosylates such as benzyl tosylate, 2-phenylethyl tosylate,tert.-butyl tosylate, 3-butenyl tosylate, 2-butynyl tosylate; and thelike.

In order to effect mono-alkylation of a primary9-amino-hexahydro-dibenzo[b,d]pyran, the reactants typically arecommingled in approximately equimolar quantities. Excessive alkylatingagent is utilized in order to effect dialkylation, where it is desiredthat R⁵ and R⁶ in the above formula are the same alkyl, alkenyl,alkynyl, hydroxyalkyl or phenylalkyl moiety. The reaction is bestcarried out in the presence of a suitable base to act as an acidscavenger. Bases commonly utilized include triethylamine, benzylamine,sodium hydroxide, pyridine, sodium methoxide, sodium carbonate, andrelated bases. The reaction is best carried out in a non-reactiveorganic solvent such as an ether, for instance diethyl ether,diisopropyl ether, methyl ethyl ether and dioxane. Other commonly usedsolvents include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol;halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane and chloroform; andaromatic solvents such as benzene, toluene, xylene and the like. Thereaction generally is complete within about two to twenty hours whencarried out at a temperature ranging from about 30° to 150° C. Theproduct of the alkylation reaction, a 9-alkylamino or dialkylaminodibenzo[b,d]pyran derivative, is readily isolated by simply removing thesolvent from the reaction mixture and washing the product with water ordilute acid. The product so formed can then be further purified ifdesired by chromatography or crystallization. Alternatively, the 9-aminoderivative can be isolated as a salt, which characteristically is highlycrystalline and can be isolated by filtration. In particular, thereaction mixture containing the alkylated or dialkylated amine can beacidified by the addition of an acid such as hydrochloric acid orsuccinic acid, thereby converting the amine to an acid addition salt. Inthe case of a N,N-dialkylamine, prepared according to the abovedescribed process, i.e., those compounds wherein R⁵ and R⁶ both areselected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, phenylalkyl, and the like, suchcompounds if desired can be converted to a quaternary ammonium salt byfurther reaction with an alkylating agent such as methyl bromide, allyliodide or propargyl bromide. Such quaternary ammonium salts are highlycrystalline solids and subject to ready recrystallization.

It will of course be recognized that once a 9-amino-dibenzopyran ismono-alkylated according to the above-described process to provide acompound ofthe invention wherein R⁵ is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynylhydroxylalkyl or phenylalkyl and R⁶ is hydrogen, that further alkylationcan be effected by reaction with an alkylating agent in a manner similarto that described above. Such alkylation reaction can providedialkylated 9-amino-dibenzo[b,d]pyrans of this invention wherein thealkyl groups are dissimilar, i.e. R⁵ and R⁶ independently are alkyl,alkenyl, alkynyl, hydroxyalkyl, phenylalkyl and the like.

An alternative method for preparing the 9-alkylamino anddialkylamino-hexahydro-dibenzo[b,d]pyrans of this invention comprisesreductive alkylation of a ketone, i.e., reacting ahexahydro-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-one with a primary or secondary amine inthe presence of a reducing agent. Commonly used amines includemethylamine, diethylamine, 2-propenylamine, pyrrolidine, piperidine,morpholine, 3-butynylamine, N-methyl-3-butenylamine,3-hydroxypropylamine, benzylamine, N-methyl-2-phenylethylamine,N-isopropylisobutylamine, dimethylamine and the like. The reactiongenerally is carried out by commingling approximately equimolarquantities of the dibenzopyran-9-one derivative and the amine in asolvent such as methanol or ethanol. A reducing agent such as hydrogenand a suitable catalyst, for example, sodium borohydride or sodiumcyanoborohydride, are utilized in the reaction in order to effectcomplete reduction of the intermediate imine which is formed, thusproviding the corresponding alkyl or dialkylamine dibenzopyran of thisinvention. Such reductive alkylation typically is carried out at atemperature of about 10° to 50° C. and normally is complete within abouttwelve to seventy-two hours. The product amine can be isolated as a freebase or alternatively as an acid addition salt. Additional purificationusually is accomplished by chromatography or crystallization.

As previously mentioned, the primary 9-aminohexahydro-dibenzo[b,d]pyranscan be acylated with any of a number of acylating agents to provide thevarious 9-amido derivatives of this invention, including compounds ofthe above formula wherein R⁵ is C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl. Reaction of a9-(NH₂)-dibenzopyran with an acylating agent under relatively mildconditions effects mono-acylation to provide a9-amido-hexahydro-dibenzo[b,d]pyran (R⁵ is alkanoyl and R⁶ is hydrogen).Such "relatively mild conditions" includes utilizing the acylating agentand the 9-amino-dibenzopyran in approximately equimolar quantities andcarrying out the reaction at a temperature of about 0° to 50° C.Typically a base such as triethylamine or pyridine is utilized in thereaction as an acid scavenger. Commonly used acylating agents include C₁-C₇ - and phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkanoic acid halides, azides, anhydrides,including mixed anhydrides, as well as cyclic anhydrides such assuccinic anhydride, glutaric anhydride and adipic anhydride. Use of suchcyclic anhydrides provides the amides of this invention wherein the acylgroup has the formula --CO(CH₂)_(n) COOH. Preferred acylating agentsinclude acid halides and acid anhydrides. Examples of such reagentsinclude acetyl chloride, propionic anhydride, formyl acetic anhydride,benzoyl chloride, phenylacetyl bromide, heptanoyl iodide, succinicanhydride and isobutyric anhydride. The acylation can be conducted inany of a number of organic solvents if desired, including alcohols suchas methanol and ethanol, halogenated hydrocarbons such asdichloromethane and 1,2-dibromoethane, ethers such as diisopropyl ether,diethylether and tetrahydrofuran, as well as aromatic solvents such asbenzene and toluene.

Under the "relatively mild conditions", monoacylation is usuallycomplete within about four to about seventy-two hours to provide a9-acylamino-hexahydro-dibenzopyran. For example, reaction ofdl-cis-1-hydroxy-3-n-octyl-9-amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranwith about one equivalent of isobutyryl chloride in benzene, in thepresence of about one equivalent of a base such as pyridine, at about25° C. for four hours, effects mono-acylation to providedl-cis-1-hydroxy-3-n-octyl-9-isobutyramido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.The product, a 9-acylamino-dibenzo[b,d]pyran, is readily isolated bysimply diluting the reaction mixture with water and then extracting theproduct therefrom into a suitable water immiscible solvent such asdiethyl ether, chloroform, dichloromethane, or the like. Removal of thesolvent from the extracts, for instance by evaporation under reducedpressure, affords the corresponding 9-acylamino-dibenzo[b,d]pyran, whichcompound can be further purified if desired by standard methods such aschromatography and crystallization.

The 9-acylamino-dibenzopyrans wherein the acyl group has the formula--CO(CH₂)_(n) COOH are useful both as intermediates and aspharmacological agents. Conversion of such compounds to acid halides andreaction of such acid halides with a strong base such as sodium hydrideeffects cyclization to provide compounds of the above formula wherein R⁵and R⁶ complete a heterocyclic ring such as 2,5-dioxopyrrolidine and2,6-dioxopiperidine.

Exhaustive acylation of 9-amino and 9-acylaminodibenzo[b,d]pyranseffects peracylation to afford1-acyloxy-9-diacylamino-hexahydro-dibenzo[b,d]pyrans. Such peracylationcan be effected by reacting either a 9-amino or a9-acylamino-hexahydro-dibenzo[b,d]pyran with an excess of an acylatingagent, for example from about 2 to 10 molar excess, as well as carryingout the reaction at an elevated temperature of about 60° to about 150°C. The peracylation is carried out in the presence of a strong base suchas sodium hydride. As an illustration of peracylation, a compound suchasdl-cis-1-hydroxy-3-(2-hexenyl)-9-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyrancan be reacted with about a 5 molar excess of propionyl bromide in thepresence of sodium hydride at about 100° C. for about seventy-two hoursto afforddl-cis-1-propionoxy-3-(2-hexenyl)-9-(N-propionyl)acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

The tri-acylated hexahydro-dibenzopyrans of this invention can easily behydrolyzed by reaction with an aqueous base such as sodium hydroxide orpotassium carbonate to afford a mono-acylated derivative, namely a9-acylamino-hexahydro-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

Diacylated compounds of this invention, i.e.,1-hydroxy-9-N,N-diacylamino-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyrans, can beprepared by selectively protecting the phenolic 1-hydroxy group of a9-acylamino derivative, and then further acylating the 9-amido nitrogenatom. Suitable hydroxy protecting groups include benzyl and lower alkylgroups. Such groups are readily removed when desired by reaction withsodium thioethylate in a solvent such as dimethylformamide. For example,dl-cis-1-hydroxy-3-n-pentyl-9-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyrancan be benzylated at the 1-hydroxy group by reaction with one equivalentof benzyl chloride. The resulting benzyl ether can be acylated at the9-amido group under forcing conditions, for instance by reaction withpropionyl bromide and a strong base such as sodium hydride. Theresulting diacylated derivative can be de-benzylated by hydrogenation orby reaction with sodium thioethylate to providedl-cis-1-hydroxy-3-n-pentyl-9-(N-propionyl)acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

An alternative process for preparing amides of this invention comprisesacylation of an oxime, i.e., a9-hydroxyimino-hexahydro-dibenzo[b,d]pyran, according to the processdescribed by Boar et al., J. Chem. Soc., Perkin I, 1237 (1975).According to such process, an oxime such as1-hydroxy-3-isohexyl-9-hydroxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranis reacted with any of a number of commonly utilized acylating agents,for example C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl halides or phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl halides,to provide an acylated oxime, specifically a1-hydroxy-3-isohexyl-9-acyloxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.Further acylation of such a 9-acyloxyimino derivative provides atriacylated tetrahydro-dibenzopyran, which appears to be predominantlythe Δ⁸ isomer, namely a1-acyloxy-3-substituted-9-diacylamino-6a,7,10,10a-tetrahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.Mild hydrolysis of such a triacylated derivative effects removal of the1-acyl group and one of the acyl groups at the 9-amino position toprovide a 9-acylamino-tetrahydro-dibenzopyran of this invention.

The 9-alkylamino-dibenzopyrans of this invention can be acylated in amanner similar to the acylation of the primary 9-amino derivatives toafford the corresponding 9-N-alkylacylamino-hexahydro-dibenzopyrans. Forexample, a compound such asdl-cis-1-hydroxy-3-n-pentyl-9-allylamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyrancan be reacted with an acylating agent such as acetyl bromide to providewith corresponding 9-N-alkyl-acylamino derivative, namelydl-cis-1-hydroxy-3-n-pentyl-9-N-allylacetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

In an analogous fashion, the 9-dialkylaminodibenzopyrans of theinvention can be utilized as intermediates in the preparation of thepreferred 9-acylamino derivatives of the invention. For example, adialkylated derivative such ascis-1-hydroxy-3-(2-heptenyl)-9-N-methylisopropylamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyrancan be demethylated, for instance by reaction with an alkyl haloformateto form a carbonate, followed by alkaline hydrolysis, and then acylatedby normal acylation conditions to provide the corresponding9-N-isopropylacylamino-hexahydro-dibenzopyran of the invention.

The primary and secondary amines of this invention can alternatively beconverted directly to an amide derivative by reaction with a carboxylicacid in the presence of a suitable coupling reagent such asN,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), carbonyldiimidazole,N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline (EEDQ), and the like.Reaction of a primary amine such asd-cis1-hydroxy-3-isohexyl-9-amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranwith a carboxylic acid such as phenylacetic acid in the presence of DCCeffects condensation to provide the corresponding 9-phenylacetamidederivative. The product is readily isolated by simply filtering thereaction mixture and removing the solvent from the filtrate.

With any of the aforementioned acylation reactions, it should berecognized that acylation may additionally be effected at the 1-hydroxygroup of the dibenzopyran, thereby affording varying quantities of a1-acyloxy-9-acylaminodibenzo[b,d]pyran, depending upon the excess ofacylating agent utilized, reaction temperature, the length of reactionand the like. If desired, any such 1,9-diacylated derivative can beseparated from the 9-acylamino derivative by methods such aschromatography, or alternatively, the 1,9-diacylated derivative can betreated with a mild base such as sodium bicarbonate to effect completehydrolysis of the 1-acyloxy group, thus providing exclusively the9-acylamino-dibenzo[b,d]pyran. As previously pointed out, protection ofthe 1-hydroxy group prior to chemical modification obviates undesiredside reactions at that site.

As noted hereinbefore, the 9-amino and9-acylamino-hexahydro-dibenzo[b,d]pyrans provided by this invention canbe alkylated by normal alkylation reactions to provide 9-alkylamino and9-N-alkylacylamino-hexahydro-dibenzo[b,d]pyrans respectively. Thealkylamino derivatives can be further alkylated to provide9-dialkylamino derivatives. An alternative method for preparing9-alkylamino and 9-dialkylamino-hexahydro-dibenzo[b,d]pyrans encompassesreduction of a 9-acylamino or 9-diacylamino-hexahydro-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

For example, reaction of an acylamino compound such as1-hydroxy-3-n-pentyl-6,6-dimethyl-9-benzoylamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranwith a reducing agent such as diborane or lithium aluminum hydrideeffects reduction of the amide to the corresponding N-alkyl amine; inthe example, the 9-benzylamino derivative. Such reductions normally arecarried out in a solvent such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran, andat a temperature of about 0° to 80° C. Isolation and purification of theproduct is accomplished by standard procedures. The9-alkylamino-dibenzopyrans thus formed can be acylated or furtheralkylated in normal fashion. For example, reaction of a compound such as1-hydroxy-3-(2-hexenyl)-9-butylamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranwith phenylacetyl bromide in the presence of triethylamine effectsacylation of the amino group to provide1-hydroxy-3-(2-hexenyl)-9-(N-phenylacetyl)butylamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

As can readily be seen by those skilled in the art, the compounds ofthis invention which are fully saturated in the C-ring and which have noexocyclic double bonds, that is compounds having the above formulawherein Z is ##STR13## can exist as epimers. For example when an oximeof this invention is exhaustively reduced to provide a9-amino-hexahydro-dibenzo[b,d]pyran, such compound typically is amixture of the 9α-amino and the 9β-amino derivatives. Separation of theepimeric mixture can be accomplished if desired by fractionalcrystallization, column chromatography, gas liquid chromatography, highpressure liquid chromatography, and related methods. Generally, anyseparation of isomers is not attempted until a final product isobtained. For example, if it is desired to prepare an optically activeamide such as d orl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9α or9β-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran, it ispreferred to first prepare an oxime of the corresponding opticallyactive d orl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-one.The oxime next is exhaustively reduced to provide an epimeric mixture ofd orl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.The epimeric amines are then acylated, for example by reaction withacetic anhydride, to provide an epimeric mixture of the correspondingacetamides. Separation of the acetamides thus formed provides opticallyactive d or l-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9α(and9β)-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran. Suchoptically active compounds preferably are named utilizing the currentlyaccepted rules of nomenclature regarding absolute stereochemicalconfiguration and thus incorporating the R and S teminology as suggestedby Fletcher et al., in Nomenclature of Organic Compounds, Advances InChemistry Series, 126, American Chemical Society, 1974. Accordingly, atypical optically active compound of this invention whould be named6aR,9R,10aR-6a,10a-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.For simplicity, the compounds named hereinafter will not utilize suchnomenclature, but it should be realized that the invention comprehendssuch optically active isomers and racemic mixtures.

The following list presents various compounds which are illustrative ofthe scope of this invention.

1-hydroxy-3-n-pentyl-6,6-dimethyl-9-hydroxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

1-formyloxy-3-n-heptyl-9-methoxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

1-isobutyryloxy-3-(1-methyl-1-hexenyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-n-butoxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

1-hydroxy-3-(2-decenyl)-9-hydroxyamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethyloctyl)-9-methoxyamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

1-hydroxy-3-(1,2,3-trimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

dl-cis-1-hydroxy-3-n-hexyl-3,3-dimethyl-9-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

d-cis-1-acetoxy-3-(1-ethylpentyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(N,N-dipropionylamino)-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

1-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)-9-N-ethylamino-6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

1-hydroxy-3-n-pentyl-6,6-dimethyl-9-hexanoyloxyamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

1-hydroxy-3-n-octyl-9-acetoxyethylamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

1-acetoxy-3-n-heptyl-9-(N-isobutyl)-hexanamido-6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethyl-1-hexenyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-N,N-diisopropylamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

dl-cis-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylpentyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(2-propenyl)amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

dl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-α-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

d-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethyl-1-heptenyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-β-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

1-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethyl-2-heptenyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-α-butyramido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

1-hydroxy-3-n-octyl-9-isoheptanamido-6a,7,10,10a-tetrahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

dl-cis-1-propionoxy-3-n-hexyl-6,6-dimethyl-9-(N-isobutyl)propionamido-6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

1-hydroxy-3-n-hexyl-6,6-dimethyl-9-N-benzylamino-6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranhydrobromide;

dl-cis-1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-methylamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranacetic acid salt;

dl-cis-1-acetoxy-3-n-pentyl-9-(N-isobutyl-N-phenylethyl)amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

d-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(3-octenyl)-9-(N-benzyl-N-phenylethyl)amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyransuccinic acid salt;

1-hydroxy-3-isodecyl-6,6-dimethyl-9-(N-3-butenyl)ethylamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethylhexyl)-9-(N,N-dimethyl-N-allyl)ammonium-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranbromide;

1-hydroxy-3-n-octyl-9-(N-benzoylhexanoylamino-6a,7,10,10a-tetrahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

dl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1-ethylbutyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(N-ethyl)heptanoylamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

dl-cis-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(N-3-butynyl)amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranhydrochloride.

The 9-amino-dibenzo[b,d]pyran derivativies of this invention defined bythe above general formula are new chemical compounds having usefulpharmacological activity, and many additionally are useful asintermediates in the synthesis of pharmacologically active compounds. Anadditional aspect of this invention therefore are pharmaceuticalformulations containing at least one biologically active compound ofthis invention in association with one or more suitable diluents,carriers or excipients therefor. Additionally, other pharmacologicallyactive drugs can be incorporated into the formulation containing anactive ingredient of this invention. A particularly preferredpharmaceutical formulation according to this invention is one useful inthe treatment of hypertension. Especially preferred formulations arethose containing as active ingredient a 9-amido derivative of thisinvention.

The formulations contemplated by this invention take a form which isreadily conducive to the particular route of administration desired ineach particular case. For oral administration, a compound of thisinvention is admixed with carriers and diluents such as dextrose,lactose, mannitol, cocoa butter, ethyl lactate, methyl cellulose,calcium silicate, potato starch, microcrystalline cellulose,polyvinylpyrrolidone, potassium benzoate, and related excipients. Suchformulations can be molded into tablets or enclosed in gelatin capsules.The mixtures can alternatively be dissolved in liquids such as tenpercent aqueous glucose solution, isotonic saline, sterile water, or thelike, and administered intravenously or by injection. Such solutionscan, if desired, be lyophilized and stored in a sterile ampoule readyfor reconstitution by the addition of sterile water.

A particularly preferred formulation useful for treating hypertension inhuman subjects comprises a compound such asdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranin the amount of about 0.01 mg. to about 1.0 mg. in combination with acarrier such as sucrose or starch in the amount of about 500 mg. Suchformulation can be molded into tablets which can be administered to asubject suffering from high blood pressure at the rate of about 1 toabout 4 tablets per day.

As already pointed out, the compounds of this invention have a varietyof utilities. Representative compounds of this invention havedemonstrated activity in one or more standard tests designed to showanalgesic, anti-glaucoma, anti-depressant and anti-anxiety activity, aswell as hypotensive activity. The most potent compounds provided hereinappear to be the 9-amido derivatives (e.g. R⁶ and R⁷ in the aboveformulae are alkanoyl), even though other compounds of the invention areuseful pharmacologically. For example,dl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-hydroxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyrandemonstrated an ED₅₀ of 2 mg./kg. in analgesic activity when testedsubcutaneously in the mouse writhing assay. Similarly,dl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-hydroxyamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyrancaused a response in the mouse activity assay at a minimum effectivedose (MED) of only 5.0 mg./kg. Moreover, when tested in the septallesion rat assay,dl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(N-ethyl)acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyrandemonstrated an MED of 10.0 mg./kg. When tested in the dog for itsability to reduce blood pressure,dl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran demonstratedan intravenous MED of one-half microgram/kg.

As can readily be seen from the above discussion regarding biologicalactivity, many of the compounds of this invention are useful in thetreatment of hypertension, anxiety, depression, pain, glaucoma andrelated maladies. The compounds can thus be used to treat animals andhumans alike suffering from such conditions. A further embodiment ofthis invention therefore is a method of treating hypertension in mammalscomprising administering an effective dose for treating hypertension ofa hypotensively active compound of this invention to a subject sufferingfrom hypertension and in need of treatment or to a subject suspected ofdeveloping hypertension and in need of prophylactic treatment. Anespecially preferred method of treating hypertension according to thisinvention comprises administering a compound of this invention having anamido moiety at the 9-position (i.e. R⁵ is C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl).

The hypotensively active compounds of this invention can be administeredby any of a number of routes, including the oral, subcutaneous,intramuscular and intravenous routes. Typical dosages useful for thetreatment of humans will of course vary depending upon the particularcondition being treated and the size and of the patient, but typicallywill range from about 0.001 to about 20 mg. total daily dose perpatient. Preferred daily dosages commonly utilized when treatinghypertension, for example, will range from about 0.1 to about 10 mg. persubject. A typical treatment of hypertension will include, for example,the administration to a subject of about 5 mg. per day ofdl-1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)-9-(2,6-dioxopiperidino)-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.A preferred treatment comprises administering about 2 mg. per day ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

The preparation of the 9-amino-dibenzopyran compounds comprehended bythis invention is more fully described in the following examples. It isof course to be understood, however, that the examples are illustrativeof the compounds embraced by the invention and of the methods commonlyemployed in their preparation and are not to be construed as limitingthe invention to any of the particular compounds or methods specificallydescribed.

EXAMPLE 1dl-trans-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-hydroxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

A solution of 4.0 g. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-oneand 1.155 g. of hydroxylamine hydrochloride dissolved in 60 ml. ofethanol and 10 ml. of water was stirred while 4.4 ml. of 5 N sodiumhydroxide was added in one portion. The reaction mixture then was heatedto reflux and stirred at that temperature for thirty minutes. Aftercooling the reaction mixture to room temperature, it was added to 100 g.of ice and then acidified to pH 2.5 by the addition of concentratedhydrochloric acid. The aqueous acidic reaction mixture then wasextracted several times with diethyl ether. The ethereal extracts werecombined, washed with five percent aqueous sodium bicarbonate solutionand with water, and dried. Removal of the solvent by evaporation underreduced pressure afforded 2.0 g. of the product as an oil. The oil wascrystallized from 50 ml. of n-hexane to provide 3.8 g. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-hydroxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran as a white powder. M.P.143°-145° C.

Analysis calc. for C₂₄ H₃₇ NO₃ : Theory: C, 74.38; H, 9.62; N, 3.61.Found: C, 74.61; H, 9.37; N, 3.78.

m/e: calc. 387; found 387.

The above procedure was repeated utilizing 7.5 g. of optically active(-)-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-oneas the starting ketone. Isolation of the product was carried out asdescribed above and provided 5 g. of an oil. m/e: calc. 387; found 387.[α]_(D) ^(CHCl).sbsp.3 =+4.0 [α]₃₆₅ ^(CHCl).sbsp.3 =+34.6.

Chromatographic purification of a sample of such product, utilizing ahigh pressure liquid chromatographic procedure, effected separation ofthe syn and anti isomers of the optically active oxime.

syn-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-hydroxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

[α]_(D) ^(CHCl).sbsp.3 =+34.8°

[α]₃₆₅ ^(CHCl).sbsp.3 =+137.3°

anti-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-hydroxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran;

[α]_(D) ^(CHCl).sbsp.3 =-26.8°

[α]₃₆₅ ^(CHCl).sbsp. =-71.9°

EXAMPLE 2dl-trans-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-hydroxyamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

To a stirred solution of 3.87 g. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-hydroxyimino-6a,7,8,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran(prepared as described in Example 1) dissolved in 50 ml. of methanolcontaining a trace of bromocresol green was added 1.0 g. of sodiumcyanoborohydride in one portion. The reaction mixture was stirred at 24°C. while concentrated methanolic hydrogen chloride was added portionwiseuntil the color of the solution turned yellow. The acidic reactionmixture then was stirred for two hours at 24° C., after which time thesolvent was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure to provide anoil. The oil was suspended in 50 ml. of five percent aqueous sodiumbicarbonate, and then extracted into diethyl ether. The etherealextracts were combined, washed with water and dried. Removal of thesolvent afforded 3.72 g. of a white foam,dl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-hydroxyamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

Analysis Calc. for C₂₄ H₃₉ NO₃ : Theory, C, 73.99; H, 10.09; N, 3.60.Found: C, 73.69; H, 9.85; N, 3.39.

m/e: calc. 389; found 389.

The white foam was reacted with 1.16 g. of maleic acid in diethyl etherto provide crystallinedl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-hydroxyamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranmaleate salt. M.P. 145°-147° C.

Analysis calc. for C₂₈ H₄₃ NO₇ : Theory: C, 66.51; H, 8.57; N, 2.77.Found: C, 66.34; H, 8.36; N, 3.04.

EXAMPLE 3dl-trans-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

A solution of 1.93 g. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-hydroxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran(from Example 2) in 100 ml. of methanol and 25 ml. of liquid anhydrousammonia containing 1.0 g. of Raney nickel was stirred and heated at 100°C. for six hours under a hydrogen gas atmosphere at 1000 psi. Thereaction mixture then was cooled to room temperature and filtered. Thefiltrate was concentrated by evaporation of the solvent under reducedpressure to provide a solid mass. The solid was dissolved in 300 ml. ofdiethyl ether and washed with 50 ml. of 1 N hydrochloric acid, 50 ml. offive percent aqueous sodium bicarbonate, and with water. The etherealsolution was dried and concentrated to dryness by evaporation underreduced pressure to afford 500 mg. of a white solid. The solid so formedwas recrystallized from diethyl ether and hexane to provide 1.85 g. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

Analysis calc. for C₂₄ H₃₉ NO₂ : Theory: C, 77.16; H, 10.52; N, 3.75.Found: C, 77.77; H, 10.08; N, 3.27.

m/e: calc. 373; found 373.

EXAMPLE 4dl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranhydrogen maleate

A solution of 340 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranin 50 ml. of diethyl ether containing 164 mg. of maleic acid was stirredand heated at reflux for ten minutes. The product precipitated out ofsolution and was collected by filtration to providedl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranas a white solid.

Analysis calc. for C₂₈ H₄₃ NO₆ : Theory: C, 68.68; H, 8.85; N, 2.86.Found: C, 68.51; H, 8.57; N, 2.66.

EXAMPLE 5dl-trans-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

To a stirred solution of 750 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranin 10 ml. of methanol was added in one portion 1.5 ml. of triethylamineand 1.0 ml. of acetic anhydride. The reaction mixture was stirred fortwelve hours at 24° C., and then added to 50 ml. of water. The aqueousreaction mixture then was extracted with diethyl ether. The etherealextracts were combined, washed with water and with ten percent aqueoussodium bicarbonate solution, and dried. Removal of the solvent byevaporation under reduced pressure afforded 840 mg. of a solid foam. Thefoam was then applied to a column packed with 30 g. of Woelm Acitivity ISilica gel, and eluted with ethyl acetate. Fractions shown by thin layerchromatography to contain the desired product were combined andconcentrated to dryness to provide 735 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

Analysis calc. for C₂₆ H₄₁ NO₃ : Theory: C, 75.14; H, 9.94; N, 3.37.Found: C, 75.51; H, 9.75; N, 3.43.

m/e: 415; calc. 415.

EXAMPLE 6

Following the procedure set forth in Example 5, 5.98 g. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranwas reacted with 8.0 ml. of acetic anhydride and 12 ml. of triethylaminein 100 ml. of methanol. Normal workup provided 3.97 g. of the product asa white solid. The product was chromatographed over a column packed with240 g. of Woelm Activity No 1. Silica gel. The appropriate fractionswere carefully collected and the solvent was removed therefrom toprovide 1.06 g. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9α-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.A sample of this axial isomer was crystallized from 20 ml. of n-hexane.M.P. 195°-197° C.

Analysis calc. for C₂₆ H₄₁ NO₃ : Theory: C, 75.14; H, 9.94; N, 3.37.Found: C, 75.37; H, 10.05; N, 3.12.

Further chromatography and collection of the appropriate fractionsprovided, after evaporation of the solvent, 2.16 g. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9β-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.M.P. 200°-202° C.

Analysis calc. for C₂₀ H₄₁ NO₃ : Theory: C, 75.14; H, 9.94; N, 3.37.Found: C, 74.95; H, 9.58; N, 3.31.

EXAMPLE 7dl-trans-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-propionamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

A solution of 373 g. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranin 20 ml. of methanol containing 1.3 g. of propionic anhydride and 2.5ml. of triethylamine was stirred at ambient temperature for forty-eighthours. The reaction mixture then was diluted with 25 ml. of water, andthe aqueous mixture was stirred for two hours at room temperature. Theexcess methanol then was removed by evaporation under reduced pressureand the product was extracted from the aqueous mixture into diethylether. The ethereal extracts were combined, washed with water, 2 Nhydrochloric acid, 10 percent aqueous sodium bicarbonate, and dried.Removal of the solvent by evaporation under reduced pressure afforded afoam which next was further purified by chromatography over 20 g. ofsilica gel, eluting with diethyl ether. Fractions of 10 ml. volume werecollected, and fractions 5 through 30 were combined and the solventevaporated therefrom to provide 434 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-propionamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

Analysis calc. for C₂₇ H₄₃ NO₃ : Theory: C, 75.48; H, 10.09; N, 3.26.Found: C, 75.23; H, 9.84; N, 3.26.

m/e: calc. 429; found 429.

EXAMPLE 8dl-trans-1-Acetoxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

A solution containing 373 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran,10 ml. of acetic anhydride and 10 ml. of pyridine was stirred at roomtemperature for forty-eight hours. The reaction mixture was cooled andthe methanol was removed by evaporation. The residue was dissolved indiethyl ether, washed with water, 1 N hydrochloric acid, and brine. Theethereal solution was dried and the solvent was removed by evaporationto provide the product as a white foam. The foam so produced waspurified by chromatography over a column packed with 20 g. of WoelmActivity No. 1 silica gel, eluting with diethyl ether. Evaporation ofthe solvent from the appropriate fractions afforded 420 mg. ofdl-trans-1-acetoxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

Analysis calc. for C₂₈ H₄₃ NO₄ : Theory: C, 73.49; H, 9.47; N, 3.06.Found: C, 73.26; H, 9.36; N, 3.28.

m/e: calc. 457; found 457.

EXAMPLE 9dl-trans-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-formamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

A solution of 15 ml. of acetic anhydride and 7.5 ml. of 98 percentformic acid was stirred and heated at reflux for fifteen minutes. Themixture was cooled to room temperature, and then 2.5 g. of sodiumacetate and 373 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranwere added to it. The reaction mixture was stirred for four hours atroom temperature, and then added to a solution of methanol containingsodium carbonate and water. The mixture was stirred for one hour, afterwhich time the solvent was removed by evaporation under reducedpressure. The aqueous layer was extracted with diethyl ether, and theethereal extracts were combined, washed with water and dried. Removal ofthe solvent by evaporation afforded 410 mg. of the product as a whitesolid. The solid so formed was purified by chromatography over 20 g. ofsilica gel to provide 276 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-formamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

Analysis calc. for C₂₅ H₃₉ NO₃ : Theory: C, 74.77; H, 9.79; N, 3.49.Found: C, 74.61; H, 9.53; N, 3.64.

m/e: calc. 401; found 401.

EXAMPLE 10dl-trans-1-acetoxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(N,N-diacetylamino)-6a,7,10,10a-tetrahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

A solution of 2.59 g. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-hydroxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranin 25 ml. of acetic anhydride and 75 ml. of pyridine was stirred under anitrogen gas atmosphere and heated to reflux for twenty-four hours.After cooling the reaction mixture to room temperature, the solvent wasremoved therefrom by evaporation under reduced pressure to provide anoily residue. The residue was dissolved in 50 ml. of diethylether and 50ml. of water and stirred for one hour. The mixture was filtered and theorganic layer was separated. The ethereal solution was washed with 1 Nhydrochloric acid, water, saturated sodium chloride solution and dried.Removal of the solvent afforded 3.57 g. of a dark oil which was thenchromatographed over 100 g. of Woelm Activity I silica gel, eluting withfifty percent hexane-diethyl ether. The fractions containing the majorproduct were combined and concentrated to dryness to provide 3.12 g. ofpredominantlydl-1-acetoxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(N,N-diacetylamino)-6a,7,10,10a-tetrahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran,with a minor quantity of the Δ⁹ compound.

m/e: calc. 497; found 497.

EXAMPLE 11dl-trans-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(acetamido)-6a,7,10,10a-tetrahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

A solution of 5.4 g. ofdl-trans-1-acetoxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(N,N-diacetylamino)-6a,7,10,10a-tetrahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranin 150 ml. of methanol containing 50 ml. of twenty percent aqueouspotassium carbonate. The reaction mixture was stirred at 24° C. for twohours, and then concentrated to dryness by evaporation under reducedpressure. The oil thus formed was suspended in 100 ml. of water, and theaqueous mixture was extracted with diethyl ether. The ethereal extractswere combined, diluted with 20 ml. of ethyl acetate, and then washedwith 2H hydrochloric acid, ten percent aqueous sodium bicarbonate, anddried. Removal of the solvent afforded 1.54 g. of a solid which was thencrystallized from hexane to afford 1.33 g. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(acetamido)-6a,7,10,10a-tetrahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.M.P. 186°-188° C.

Analysis calc. for C₂₈ H₄₁ NO₄ : Theory: C, 73.81; H, 9.07; N, 3.07; O,14.05. Found: C, 73.74; H, 8.79; N, 3.16; O, 13.90.

m/e: calc. 413 found 413.

EXAMPLE 12dl-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(acetamido)-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

A solution of 1.177 g. ofdl-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(acetamido)-6a,7,10,10a-tetrahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranin 100 ml. of ten percent aqueous ethanol containing 0.5 g. of fivepercent palladium suspended on carbon was stirred at 50° C. for 12 hoursunder a hydrogen atmosphere at 50 psi. The reaction mixture then wascooled to room temperature and filtered. The filtrate was concentratedto dryness by evaporation under reduced pressure to provide 1.06 g. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(acetamido)-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy demonstrated the product thusformed to be indentical to that prepared in Example 5.

EXAMPLE 13dl-trans-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-ethylamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

To a stirred solution of 650 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranin 5 ml. of dry tetrahydrofuran was added dropwise over five minutes 5ml. of 1 M diborane in tetrahydrofuran. The reaction mixture was heatedto reflux and stirred at that temperature for five hours. The reactionmixture then was cooled to 0° C. and stirred while 5 ml. of 2 Nhydrochloric acid was added to decompose any excess diborane. Theaqueous acidic reaction mixture was heated to 100° C. for thirtyminutes, and then again cooled to 0° C. The solution was basified withten percent aqueous sodium bicarbonate, and the product was extractedtherefrom into diethyl ether. The ethereal extracts were combined andconcentrated to dryness by evaporation under reduced pressure to provide600 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-ethylamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

EXAMPLE 14 dl-trans-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(N-ethyl)acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

A solution of 600 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-ethylamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranin 25 ml. of methanol was stirred at room temperature while a mixture of1.5 ml. of triethyl amine and 1.5 ml. of acetic anhydride was added inone portion. The reaction mixture was stirred at 25° C. for thirty-sixhours. The solvent was then removed from the reaction mixture byevaporation under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue wasdissolved in diethyl ether and washed with water and with aqueous sodiumbicarbonate solution, and dried. The solvent was then removed byevaporation under reduced pressure, thus leaving 550 mg. of a whitefroth. The product so formed was chromatographed over 50 g. of WoelmActivity I silica gel, eluting with ethyl acetate. The fractions shownby thin layer chromatography to contain the major product were combinedand concentrated to dryness to afford 410 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(N-ethyl)acetamido-6a,7,8,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.m/e 443.

Analysis calc. for C₂₈ H₄₅ NO₃ : Theory: C, 75.80; H, 10.22; N, 3.16; O,10.82. Found: C, 75.56; H, 9.93; N, 2.98; O, 10.89

A minor component was shown to consist ofdl-trans-1-acetoxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(N-ethyl)acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.m/e 485.

EXAMPLE 15dl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-dimethylamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

A solution of 1.48 g. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-onein 50 ml. of methanol containing 3.24 g. of dimethylamine hydrochloride,3.03 g. of triethylamine and 378 mg. of sodium cyanoborohydride wasstirred at ambient temperature for sixty hours. The reaction mixture wasconcentrated in volume by evaporation of the solvent, and the residuewas dissolved in 50 ml. of diethyl ether. The ethereal solution waswashed with 0.5 N hydrochloric acid, water, 10 percent aqueous sodiumbicarbonate, and again with water. The solution was dried and thesolvent then was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure toprovide the product as an oil. The oil was dissolved in 50 ml. of hexaneand diluted with 1.0 ml. of 6.5 N methanolic hydrochloric acid solution.The precipitated solid which formed was shown to be 1.67 g. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-dimethylamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranhydrochloride.

Analysis calc. for C₂₆ H₄₄ NO₂ Cl: Theory: C, 71.28; H, 10.12; N, 3.20;Cl, 8.09. Found: C, 70.60; H, 9.78; N, 2.98; Cl, 7.62.

m/e: calc. 401; found 401.

EXAMPLES 16-19

Following the general procedure set out in Example 15,dl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-onewas reacted with the appropriate amine to afford the followingcompounds:

dl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-isopropylamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranhydrochloride.

Analysis calc. for C₂₇ H₄₆ NO₂ Cl: Theory: C, 71.73; H, 10.26; N, 3.10;Cl, 7.84. Found: C, 71.44; H, 10.00; N, 3.28; Cl, 7.54.

m/e: calc. 415; found 415.

dl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(2-propynyl)amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

Analysis calc. for C₂₇ H₄₁ NO₂ : Theory: C, 78.78; H, 10.04; N, 3.40.Found: C, 78.55; H, 9.83; N, 3.39.

m/e: calc. 411; found 411.

dl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-N-methyl-N-(2-propynyl)amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranhydrochloride.

Analysis calc. for C₂₈ H₄₄ NO₂ Cl: Theory: C, 72.78; H, 9.60; N, 3.03;Cl, 7.67. Found: C, 71.01; H, 9.54; N, 2.52; Cl, 7.13.

m/e: calc. 425; found 425.

dl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-benzylamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

Analysis calc. for C₃₁ H₄₅ NO₂ : Theory: C, 80.30; H, 9.78; N, 3.02.Found: C, 80.31; H, 9.86; N, 3.01.

m/e: calc. 463; found 463.

EXAMPLE 20dl-trans-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo-[b,d]pyran.

To a solution of 1.48 g. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-onein 50 ml. of methanol was added in one portion 2.44 g. of ethanolamine.The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for thirty minutes,and then was diluted with a solution of 1.5 ml. of 6.5 N hydrochloricacid in 10 ml. of methanol. The acidic mixture was stirred for fifteenminutes, and then 378 mg. of sodium cyanoborohydride was added. Thereaction mixture then was stirred for seventy-two hours at roomtemperature. The reaction mixture was filtered and the solvent wasevaporated to provide the product as a gum. The crude product wasdissolved in 100 ml. of diethyl ether and washed with 0.5 N hydrochloricacid, saturated sodium chloride, and with 10 percent sodium bicarbonatesolution. The ethereal layer was dried and the solvent was evaporatedtherefrom to afford a white foam. The foam was dissolved in 50 ml. ofhexane, to which was added 1.0 ml. of 6.5 N methanolic hydrochloricacid. The crystalline solid which formed was collected by filtration andidentified as 1.82 g. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranhydrochloride.

Analysis calc. for C₂₆ H₄₄ NO₃ Cl: Theory: C, 68.77; H, 9.77; N, 3.08;Cl, 7.81. Found: C, 68.48; H, 9.58; N, 3.25; Cl, 7.51.

m/e: calc. 417; found 417.

EXAMPLE 21dl-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-piperidino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

Following the general procedure set forth in Example 20, 744 mg. ofdl-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-onewas reacted with 1.7 g. of piperidine to form the corresponding imine,which then was reduced by reaction with 190 mg. of sodiumcyanoborohydride and 0.75 ml. of 6.5 N hydrochloric acid. Normal workupof the reaction mixture gave the product as an oil, which then wastreated with methanolic hydrochloric acid to afford 689 mg. ofcrystallinedl-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-piperidino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

Analysis calc. for C₂₉ H₄₈ NO₂ Cl: Theory: C, 72.85; H, 10.12; N, 2.93;Cl, 7.41. Found: C, 72.70; H, 10.12; N, 3.14; Cl, 7.16.

m/e: calc. 441; found 441.

EXAMPLE 22

The procedure of Example 20 was repeated using morpholine as the amine.Normal workup provided the product as an oil. The oil was reacted withhydrochloric acid in methanol to afford 615 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-morpholino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranhydrochloride.

Analysis calc. for C₂₈ H₄₆ NO₃ Cl: Theory: C, 70.04; H, 9.66; N, 2.92;Cl, 7.38. Found: C, 69.79; H, 9.40; N, 3.04; Cl, 7.15.

m/e: calc. 443; found 443.

EXAMPLE 23dl-trans-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(3-hydroxcarbonyl)propionamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

A solution of 372 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranin 20 ml. of methanol containing 1.0 g. of succinic anhydride and 2.5ml. of triethylamine was stirred at room temperature for seventy-twohours. The reaction mixture was then diluted with 50 ml. of water, andthe organic solvent was removed by evaporation. The aqueous layer wasextracted with diethyl ether, and the ethereal extracts were combined,washed with water, 2 N hydrochloric acid, again with water, and with 10percent sodium bicarbonate. After drying the solution, the solvent wasremoved by evaporation under reduced pressure to afford the product as afoam. The foam was applied to a column packed with 20 g. of WoelmActivity No. 2 silica gel and eluted with ethyl acetate. Fractions shownby thin layer chromatography to contain the major component werecombined and the solvent was evaporated therefrom to provide 507 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(3-hydroxycarbonyl)propionamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

Analysis calc. for C₂₈ H₄₃ NO₅ : Theory: C, 71.00; H, 9.15; N, 2.96.Found: C, 70.98; H, 9.35; N, 2.97.

EXAMPLE 24dl-trans-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-benzamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

To a solution of 373 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranin 20 ml. of methanol was added in one portion a solution of 2.26 g. ofbenzoic anhydride in 2.5 ml. of triethylamine. The reaction mixture wasstirred for sixty hours at room temperature, and then was diluted with20 ml. of water and stirred for an additional two hours. The organicsolvent was removed by evaporation, and the aqueous phase was extractedwith diethyl ether. The ethereal extracts were combined, washed withwater, 2 N hydrochloric acid, again with water, and finally with 10percent aqueous sodium bicarbonate. The organic layer was dried and thesolvent was removed by evaporation to provide the product as a foam. Thefoam was chromatographed over 20 g. of Woelm activity No. 1 silica gel,eluting with fifty percent diethyl ether in hexane. The appropriatefractions were collected and the solvent was removed therefrom byevaporation to afford 525 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-benzamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

Analysis calc. for C₃₀ H₄₃ NO₃ : Theory: C, 77.95; H, 9.07; N, 2.93.Found: C, 77.75; H, 9.30; N, 2.91.

m/e: calc. 477; found 477.

EXAMPLE 25dl-trans-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-hydroxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

To a stirred solution of 2.0 g. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-onein 40 ml. of ethanol containing 10 ml. of water was added in one portion560 mg. of hydroxylamine hydrochloride followed by the addition of 2 ml.of 5 N sodium hydroxide. The reaction mixture was heated to reflux andwas stirred for ninety minutes. The reaction mixture was cooled and theethanol was removed by evaporation. The aqueous layer was extracted withdiethyl ether, and the ethereal extracts were combined, washed withwater and dried. Removal of the solvent by evaporation under reducedpressure provided 2.3 g. of the product as an oil. The oil was purifiedby chromatography over 100 g. of silica gel, eluting with diethyl ether.The appropriate fractions were collected and the solvent was evaporatedtherefrom to provide 1.46 g. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-hydroxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

Analysis calc. for C₂₄ H₃₇ NO₃ : Theory: C, 74.38; H, 9.62; N, 3.61.Found: C, 74.13; H, 9.50; N, 3.39.

m/e: calc. 387; found 387.

EXAMPLE 26

Following the procedure set forth in Example 25, 7.44 g. ofdl-cis-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-onewas reacted with 2.1 g. of hydroxylamine hydrochloride and 8 ml. of 5 Nsodium hydroxide in 100 ml. of ethanol containing 25 ml. of water.Normal workup provided a foam which was crystallized from 75 ml. ofhexane to provide 7.43 g. ofdl-cis-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-hydroxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.M.P. 162°-164° C.

Analysis calc. for C₂₄ H₃₇ NO₃ : Theory: C, 74.38; H, 9.62; N, 3.61.Found: C, 74.56; H, 9.41; N, 3.78

EXAMPLE 27dl-trans-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

A solution of 1.12 g. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-hydroxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranin 100 ml. of methanol containing 25 ml. of liquid ammonia and 1.0 g. ofRaney nickel was stirred at 100° C. for eight hours under a hydrogenatmosphere of 1000 psi. The reaction mixture then was filtered andconcentrated to a volume of about 50 ml., and then diluted with 25 ml.of ten percent sodium bicarbonate. The aqueous mixture was extractedwith diethyl ether. The ethereal extracts were combined, washed withwater, dried, and the solvent was evaporated therefrom to provide 861mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

Analysis calc. for C₂₄ H₃₉ NO₂ : Theory: C, 77.16; H, 10.52; N, 3.75.Found: C, 77.54; H, 10.52; N, 3.94.

m/e: calc. 373; found 373.

EXAMPLE 28

Following the procedure set out in Example 27, 3.87 g. ofdl-cis-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-hydroxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranwas hydrogenated by reaction with hydrogen (1000 psi) in the presence of2.0 g. of Raney nickel in 100 ml. of methanol containing 25 ml. ofliquid ammonia to provide 3.38 g. ofdl-cis-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

Analysis calc. for C₂₄ H₃₉ NO₂ : Theory: C, 77.16; H, 10.52; N, 3.75.Found: C, 76.87; H, 10.44; N, 3.70.

m/e: calc. 373; found 373.

EXAMPLE 29dl-trans-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethy;-9-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

A solution of 960 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranin 40 ml. of methanol containing 5 ml. of triethylamine and 5 ml. ofacetic anhydride was stirred at room temperature for twenty-four hours.The methanol then was removed by evaporation, and the solution wasdiluted with 50 ml. of ten percent sodium bicarbonate and stirred for anadditional two hours. The aqueous mixture was extracted with diethylether, and the ethereal extracts were combined, dried, and the solventwas removed to provide the product as a foam. The foam waschromatographed over 50 g. of silica gel, eluting first with 600 ml. ofchloroform, 1000 ml. of one-half percent methanol in chloroform, thenwith 2000 ml. of one percent methanol in chloroform, and finally with500 ml. of two percent methanol in chloroform. Fractions containing 20ml. each were collected. Fractions 61-95 were combined and evaporated todryness to provide 354 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9β-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.M.P. 140°-145° C.

Analysis calc. for C₂₆ H₄₁ NO₃ : Theory: C, 75.14; H, 9.94; N, 3.37.Found: C, 74.91; H, 9.93; N, 3.53.

Fractions 101-150 were collected and the solvent was evaporatedtherefrom to provide 591 mg. ofdl-trans-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9α-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

Analysis calc. for C₂₆ H₄₁ NO₃ : Theory: C, 75.14; H, 9.94; N, 3.37.Found: C, 74.89; H, 9.65; N, 3.61.

EXAMPLE 30

Following the procedure set out in Example 29, 1.18 g. ofdl-cis-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranwas acylated by reaction with acetic anhydride and triethylamine inmethanol to provide, after chromatography, 545 mg. ofdl-cis-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9β-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran,M.P. 107°-120° C.; and 494 mg. ofdl-cis-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9α-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran,M.P. 164°-168° C.

EXAMPLE 31trans-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-N-(2-acetoxyethyl)acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

A solution of 500 mg. oftrans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranhydrochloride, prepared as described in Example 20, in 25 ml. ofmethanol containing 1.5 ml. of triethylamine and 1.5 ml. of pyridine wasstirred at 25° C. for forty-eight hours. The reaction mixture then wasdiluted with 50 ml. of chloroform, and the diluted solution was heatedat reflux for twenty-four hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to roomtemperature and the solvent was evaporated therefrom to affordtrans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-N-(2-acetoxyethyl)acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

Analysis calc. for C₃₀ H₄₇ NO₅ : Theory: C, 71.82; H, 9.44; N, 2.79.Found: C, 69.46; H, 8.72; N, 2.56.

m/e: calc. 501; found 501.

EXAMPLE 32trans-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

A solution of 500 mg. oftrans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-N-(2-acetoxyethyl)acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranfrom Example 31 was dissolved in a solution of 40 ml. of methanol and 10ml. of water containing 138 mg. of potassium carbonate. The reactionmixture was stirred at 25° C. for ninety minutes, and then was dilutedwith 150 ml. of saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution. The aqueousmixture was extracted several times with diethyl ether. The etherealextracts were combined, washed with water, dried, and the solvent wasremoved by evaporation under reduced pressure to provide 500 mg. of theprodict as a white solid. The solid thus formed was crystallized from amixture of cyclohexane, hexane and ethyl acetate to afford 395 mg. oftrans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.M.P. 148°-158° C.

m/e: 459

Analysis calc. for C₂₈ H₄₅ NO₄ : Theory: C, 73.16; H, 9.87; N, 3.05.Found: C, 73.05; H, 9.84; N, 3.15.

EXAMPLE 33dl-trans-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-N-(acetoxy)acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

A solution of 2.5 ml. of acetic anhydride in 25 ml. of methanolcontaining 500 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-hydroxyamino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran(prepared according to Example 2) was stirred at 25° C. for twenty-fourhours. The solvent was then removed by evaporation, and the residual oilwas dissolved in diethyl ether and washed with dilute aqueous sodiumbicarbonate solution. The ethereal layer was dried, and the solvent wasevaporated therefrom to afford 550 mg. of the product as a foam. Thefoam was crystallized from 20 ml. of hexane to afford 230 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-N-(acetoxy)acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.M.P. 153°-155° C. A second crop of crystalline product afforded 167 mg.M.P. 133°-135° C. The two crops of crystalline product were combined andanalyzed.

Analysis calc. for C₂₈ H₄₃ NO₅ : Theory: C, 71.00; H, 9.15; N, 2.96.Found: C, 71.21; H, 8.95; N, 3.06.

m/e: calc. 473; found 473.

EXAMPLE 34dl-trans-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-N-(2-propyn-1-yl)acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

To a stirred solution of 500 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(2-propyn-1-yl)amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranin 25 ml. of methanol containing 1.5 ml. of triethylamine was added 1.5ml. of acetic anhydride dropwise over five minutes. Following thecomplete addition, the reaction mixture was stirred at 25° C. for twodays. The reaction solvent was then removed by evaporation, and the oilthus formed was dissolved in diethyl ether and washed with aqueoussodium bicarbonate. The ethereal solution was dried and the solvent thenwas removed to afford 500 mg. of the product as an oil. The oil waspurified by chromatography over 25 g. of Woelm Activity I silica gel,eluting with diethyl ether. The appropriate fractions were collected andconcentrated to dryness to provide 430 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-N-(2-propyn-1-yl)acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

Analysis calc. for C₂₉ H₄₄ NO₃ : Theory: C, 76.50; H, 9.40; N, 3.19.Found: C, 75.60; H, 9.18; N, 3.28.

m/e: calc. 453; found 453.

EXAMPLE 35dl-trans-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(N,N-dimethyl-N-propargyl)ammonium-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranbromide

A solution of 600 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranin 25 ml. of ethanol containing 1.5 ml. of propargyl bromide was heatedto reflux and stirred for forty-eight hours. The reaction mixture thenwas cooled to room temperature and concentrated to a volume of about 5ml. The mixture was diluted with diethyl ether and hexane, whereupon theproduct precipitated. The precipitate was collected by filtration andshown to be 625 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(N,N-dimethyl-N-propargyl)ammonium-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranbromide.

Analysis calc. for C₂₉ H₄₇ BrNO₂ : Theory: C, 66.39; H, 8.76; N, 2.77;Br, 15.77. Found: C, 65.45; H, 8.42; N, 2.66; Br, 14.94.

EXAMPLE 366aR,10aR-trans-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9R (and 9S)acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran

Following the general procedure set out in Example 1, 7.5 g. of6aR,10aR-trans-1-Hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-onewas reacted with 2.1 g. of hydroxylamine to provide the correspondingoptically active oxime. The oxime so formed was reduced by reaction withhydrogen in the presence of Raney nickel to provide 1.49 g. of a mixtureof 6aR,10aR-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9R (and9S) amino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran. A solution ofthe latter compound in 35 ml. of methanol containing 10 ml. oftriethylamine was stirred at 25° C. while 5 ml. of acetic anhydride wasadded dropwise over ten minutes. The reaction mixture then was stirredat room temperature for seventy-two hours, after which time the solventwas removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The residual oil wasnext dissolved in 50 ml. of diethyl ether containing 10 ml. of water.The aqueous ethereal solution was stirred for two hours at roomtemperature, and then the organic layer was separated, washed withaqueous sodium bicarbonate and dried. Evaporation of the solventprovided 1.52 g. of a white foam. The product thus formed waschromatographed twice over columns packed with 100 g. of Woelm ActivityI silica gel and eluted with 600 ml. of chloroform, 1000 ml. of one-halfpercent by volume of methanol in chloroform, and finally with onepercent methanol in chloroform. Fractions containing 20 ml. each werecollected. Fractions shown by thin layer chromatographic analysis toconsist of one component were combined and the solvent was removedtherefrom by evaporation under reduced pressure to provide 287 mg. of6aR,10aR-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9R-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

Analysis calc. for C₂₆ H₄₁ NO₃ : Theory: C, 75.14; H, 9.94; N, 3.37.Found: C, 75.32; H, 9.77; N, 3.12.

m/e: calc. 415; found 415.

[α]_(D) ^(CHCl).sbsp.3 -1.2°; [α]₃₆₅ ^(CHCl).sbsp.3 +29.9°.

Further chromatographic separation provided fractions containing 591 mg.of6aR,10aR,-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9S-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.

Analysis calc. for C₂₆ H₄₁ NO₃ : Theory: C, 75.14; H, 9.94; N, 3.37.Found: C, 74.91; H, 9.99; N, 3.18.

m/e: calc. 415; found 415.

[α]_(D) ^(CHCl).sbsp.3 -64.9°; [α]₃₆₅ ^(CHCl).sbsp.3 -236.5°.

EXAMPLE 37

A parenteral composition suitable for administration by injection isprepared by dissolving 25 mg. ofdl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,2-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-(N-ethyl)acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranin 250 ml. of 0.9 percent aqueous sodium chloride solution and adjustingthe pH of the solution to between 6 and 7.

EXAMPLE 38

An aqueous suspension suitable for oral administration is prepared byadmixing 10 mg. of finely divideddl-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1-ethyl-2-hexenyl)-9-hydroxyimino-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyranwith 500 mg. of acacia, 5 mg. of sodium benzoate; 1.0 g. of sorbitolsolution, U.S.P., 5 mg. of sodium saccharin, and 0.025 ml. of vanillatincture.

We claim:
 1. A pharmaceutical formulation useful in lowering bloodpressure comprising a hypotensively effective amount of a9-amino-dibenzo[b,d]pyran of the formula ##STR14## wherein: R¹ ishydrogen or C₁ -C₄ alkanoyl;R² is C₅ -C₁₀ alkyl or C₅ -C₁₀ alkenyl; R³is hydrogen or methyl; and Z is selected from the group consisting of##STR15## wherein: R⁴ is hydroxy, C₁ -C₄ alkoxy, or C₁ -C₇ alkanoyloxy;R⁵ taken singly is hydrogen, hydroxy, C₁ -C₄ alkoxy, C₁ -C₄ alkyl, CH₂C₂ -C₄ alkenyl, CH₂ C₂ -C₄ alkynyl, C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl, C₁ -C₇ alkanoyloxy,phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkyl, phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl, --(CH₂)_(n) --OH,--(CH₂)_(n) --O--C₁ --C₂ alkanoyl, ##STR16## wherein n is 2, 3 or 4; R⁶taken singly is hydrogen, C₁ -C₄ alkyl, CH₂ C₂ -C₄ alkenyl, CH₂ C₂ -C₄alkynyl, C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl, phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkyl or phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl;R₅ and R₆ taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attachedcomplete a heterocyclic ring selected from pyrrolidine,2-oxopyrrolidine, 2,5-dioxopyrrolidine, piperidine, 2-oxopiperidine,2,6-dioxopiperidine and morpholine; R⁷ taken singly is hydrogen, C₁ -C₇alkanoyl, phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl or ##STR17## wherein n is 2, 3 or 4; R⁸taken singly is C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl or phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl; R⁷ and R⁸taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached complete aheterocyclic ring selected from 2-oxopyrrolidine, 2,5-dioxopyrrolidine,2-oxopiperidine and 2,6-dioxopiperidine;and the non-toxicpharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts and quaternary ammoniumsalts thereof, is association with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluentor carrier therefor.
 2. The pharmaceutical formulation according toclaim 1 wherein the active ingredient is a compound of the formula##STR18## wherein: R¹ is hydrogen or C₁ -C₄ alkanoyl;R² is C₅ -C₁₀ alkylor C₅ -C₁₀ alkenyl; R³ is hydrogen or methyl; and Z is selected from thegroup consisting of ##STR19## wherein: R⁵ is hydrogen, C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl,phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl, or ##STR20## wherein n is 2, 3 or 4; R⁶ is C₁-C₇ alkanoyl or phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl; R⁷ is hydrogen, C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl,phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl or ##STR21## and R⁸ is C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl orphenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl.
 3. The formulation according to claim 2 whereinZ is ##STR22##
 4. The formulation according to claim 3 wherein R⁵ ishydrogen.
 5. The formulation according to claim 4 wherein R⁶ is C₁ -C₇alkanoyl.
 6. The formulation according to claim 4 wherein R⁶ is C₁ -C₄alkanoyl.
 7. The formulation according to claim 6 wherein R⁶ is acetyl.8. The formulation according to claim 6 wherein in the activeingredient,R¹ is hydrogen; R² is C₅ -C₁₀ alkyl; and R³ is methyl.
 9. Theformulation according to claim 8 wherein the active ingredient isdl-6a,10a-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.10. A method of treating hypertension in mammals comprisingadministering to a subject suffering from high blood pressure and inneed of treatment or to a subject suspected of developing high bloodpressure a hypotensively effective dose of a compound of the formula##STR23## wherein: R¹ is hydrogen or C₁ -C₄ alkanoyl;R² is C₅ -C₁₀ alkylor C₅ -C₁₀ alkenyl; R³ is hydrogen or methyl; and Z is selected from thegroup consisting of ##STR24## wherein: R⁴ is hydroxy, C₁ -C₄ alkoxy, orC₁ -C₇ alkanoyloxy; R⁵ taken singly is hydrogen, hydroxy, C₁ -C₄ alkoxy,C₁ -C₄ alkyl, CH₂ C₂ -C₄ alkenyl, CH₂ C₂ -C₄ alkynyl, C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl,C₁ -C₇ alkanoyloxy, phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkyl, phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl,--(CH₂)_(n) --OH, --(CH₂)_(n) --O--C₁ --C₂ alkanoyl, ##STR25## wherein nis 2, 3 or 4; R⁶ taken singly is hydrogen, C₁ -C₄ alkyl, CH₂ C₂ -C₄alkenyl, CH₂ C₂ -C₄ alkynyl, C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl, phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkyl orphenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl; R₅ and R₆ taken together with the nitrogen towhich they are attached complete a heterocyclic ring selected frompyrrolidine, 2-oxopyrrolidine, 2,5-dioxopyrrolidine, piperidine,2-oxopiperidine, 2,6-dioxopiperidine and morpholine; R⁷ taken singly ishydrogen, C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl, phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl or ##STR26## wherein nis 2, 3 or 4; R⁸ taken singly is C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl or phenyl-C₁ -C₂alkanoyl; R⁷ and R⁸ taken together with the nitrogen to which they areattached complete a heterocyclic ring selected from 2-oxopyrrolidine,2,5-dioxopyrrolidine, 2-oxopiperidine and 2,6-dioxopiperidine;and thenon-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts and quaternaryammonium salts thereof.
 11. The method of treatment according to claim10 wherein the compound administered has the formula ##STR27## wherein:R¹ is hydrogen or C₁ -C₄ alkanoyl;R² is C₅ -C₁₀ alkyl or C₅ -C₁₀alkenyl; R³ is hydrogen or methyl; and Z is selected from the groupconsisting of ##STR28## wherein: R⁵ is hydrogen, C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl,phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl, or ##STR29## wherein n is 2, 3 or 4; R⁶ is C₁-C₇ alkanoyl or phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl; R⁷ is hydrogen, C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl,phenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl or ##STR30## and R⁸ is C₁ -C₇ alkanoyl orphenyl-C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl.
 12. The method according to claim 11 wherein inthe compound administered, R¹ is hydrogen;R² is C₅ -C₁₀ alkyl; R³ ismethyl.
 13. The method according to claim 12 wherein in the compoundadministered, Z is ##STR31##
 14. The method according to claim 13wherein in the compound administered, R⁵ is hydrogen.
 15. The methodaccording to claim 14 wherein in the compound administered, R⁶ is C₁ -C₇alkanoyl.
 16. The method according to claim 15 wherein in the compoundadministered, R⁶ is C₁ -C₂ alkanoyl.
 17. The method according to claim16 wherein the compound administered isdl-6a,10a-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.18. The method according to claim 16 wherein the compound administeredis6aR,10aR-trans-1-hydroxy-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6-dimethyl-9R-acetamido-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran.